In a cohort study that followed 250 women for two menstrual cycles and examined their intakes of fiber during this time period. The researchers found that higher intake of fiber was associated with lower levels of multiple sex hormones, including estrogen, progesterone, and the hormones that signal the ovaries to make these (FSH and LH). Fiber intake was also correlated with an increased chance of not ovulating during a menstrual cycle—a 1.78 times greater risk of anovulation for every 5 grams per day increase in total fiber. The authors of this study concluded: “These findings suggest that a diet high in fiber is significantly associated with decreased hormone concentrations and a higher probability of anovulation . Further study of the effect of fiber on reproductive health and of the effect of these intakes in reproductive-aged women is warranted.”